Persian Version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0: Psychometric Analysis and Setting Cutoff Point for the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-Reduced

Objective@#The aims of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of Persian translation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) as a widely accepted questionnaire for the first time and to establish a cut off score for Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r). @*Methods@#In this cross-sectional study, 330 visitors of family physician clinics in Shiraz, a city located in south of Iran, were selected. The English version of YFAS 2.0 was translated into Persian and used in this study as well as the Persian version of FCQ-T-r. @*Results@#Confirmatory factor analysis of YFAS-2 confirmed one dimensional structure and factor loading in all eleven symptoms was above 0.4. Internal consistency for eleven symptoms was 0.813. Prevalence of food addiction in participants was 6.7% (22 participants). BMI and FCQ-T-r questionnaire score both were positively correlated with the number of food addiction symptoms but age was negatively correlated with the number of the symptoms. The ROC curve analysis showed the best suggested cut-off point for FCQ-T-r questionnaire to detect food addiction was 32.5. @*Conclusion@#The present study confirmed validity and reliability of Persian version of YFAS-2. It is suggested that food addiction occurs in different level of food craving behavior in different food cultures or genetics.

Persian Version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0: Psychometric Analysis and Setting Cutoff Point for the Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-Reduced

Objective@#The aims of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of Persian translation of the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) as a widely accepted questionnaire for the first time and to establish a cut off score for Food Craving Questionnaire-Trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r). @*Methods@#In this cross-sectional study, 330 visitors of family physician clinics in Shiraz, a city located in south of Iran, were selected. The English version of YFAS 2.0 was translated into Persian and used in this study as well as the Persian version of FCQ-T-r. @*Results@#Confirmatory factor analysis of YFAS-2 confirmed one dimensional structure and factor loading in all eleven symptoms was above 0.4. Internal consistency for eleven symptoms was 0.813. Prevalence of food addiction in participants was 6.7% (22 participants). BMI and FCQ-T-r questionnaire score both were positively correlated with the number of food addiction symptoms but age was negatively correlated with the number of the symptoms. The ROC curve analysis showed the best suggested cut-off point for FCQ-T-r questionnaire to detect food addiction was 32.5. @*Conclusion@#The present study confirmed validity and reliability of Persian version of YFAS-2. It is suggested that food addiction occurs in different level of food craving behavior in different food cultures or genetics.

Application of multilevel zero-inflated Poisson regression for assessing the risk factors of excess hospitalization among patients undergoing abdominal surgeries in Shiraz, Iran

Background and Objective: Prolonged hospitalization lead to considerable financial burden for patients as well as health care system. This study aimed to identifying important factors resulting in excess hospitalization days in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries using the multilevel zeroinflated Poisson regression model

Methods: In this descriptive - analytic study, 485 patients from five teaching and private hospitals in Shiraz [southern Iran] were selected based on convince sampling method. Multilevel zero-inflated Poisson regression model was used to determine the risk factors of excess hospitalization day.Maximum likelihood method was used to estimate parameters of the model. Moreover, Akaike Information Criterion [AIC] and Bayes Information Criterion [BIC] indices were applied to assess the goodness of fit of the model

Results: The primary analysis of data showed that 81.2% of the patients did not undergo excess hospitalization days. Based on findings, age, respiration rate, blood infusion, fever, smoking and drug abuse did not affect excess hospitalization days. In contrast, gender, renal diseases, operation history, laparoscopic gallbladder removal, prostate surgery and ileus significantly led to excess hospitalization days [P<0.05]. Laparoscopic gallbladder removal, prostate surgery increased the chance of excess of hospitalization days to 4.64 and 9 times, respectively [P<0.05]

Conclusion: Geder, renal diseases, operation history, laparoscopic gallbladder removal, prostate surgery and ileus significantly led to excess hospitalization days

Level of agreement between children with asthma and their parents on quality of life

Background: Child-parent agreement is a controversial aspect of measuring health-related quality of life [HRQoL] in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to assess the agreement between the child self-reports and parent proxy reports of the PedsQL 3.0 Asthma Module in Iranian children with asthma to evaluate HRQoL. Moreover, the psychometric properties of the child and parent reports of the PedsQL 3.0 Asthma Module were assessed in the present study

Methods: Participants were 112 children with asthma and their parents, who completed the Farsi version of the PedsQL 3.0 Asthma Module. The multitrait-multimethod correlation matrix and factor analysis were used to test whether the child self-reports and the parent proxy reports measured the same construct. Additionally, convergent and discriminant validity and internal consistency were assessed using the Pearson correlation

Results: The correlation between the child and parent HRQoL perceptions ranged between 0.13 and 0.36 across the same domains. Our factor analysis revealed that the child self-reports and the parent proxy reports measured 2 different constructs of HRQoL. Furthermore, our findings showed that both the child self-reports and the parent proxy reports of the PedsQL 3.0 Asthma Module had excellent internal consistency and acceptable convergent and discriminant validity

Conclusion: Although the child self-reports and the parent proxy reports of the Farsi version of PedsQL 3.0 Asthma Module showed good psychometric properties, they were not interchangeable. Our children with asthma and their parents evaluated child HRQoL from their own viewpoints

Evaluation of the relationship between social desirability and minor psychiatric disorders among nurses in southern Iran: a robust regression approach

Social desirability may affect different aspects of people's quality of life. One of the impressive dimensions of quality of life is mental health. The prevalence of Minor Psychiatric Disorders [MPD] among health care workers is higher than other health workers. This article aims at evaluating the relationship between social desirability and MPD among nurses in southern Iran. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 765 nurses who had been employed in hospitals in the southern provinces of Iran. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-12] and Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale [MC-SDS] were used for evaluating the MPD and social desirability in nurses, respectively. The Robust Regression was used to determine any quantified relationship between social desirability and the level of MPD with adjusted age, gender, work experience, marital status, and level of education. The mean scores of GHQ-12 and MC-SDS were 13.02 +/- 5.64 [out of 36] and 20.17 +/- 4.76 [out of 33], respectively. The result of Robust Regression indicated that gender and social desirability were statistically significant in affecting MPD. The prevalence of MPD in female nurses was higher than males. Nurses with higher social desirability scores had the tendency to report lower levels of MPD

effect of psycho-educational interventions on the quality of life of the family caregivers of the patients with spinal cord injury: a randomized controlled trial

Family caregivers usually report the reduction of their life quality due to one of the family member's spinal cord injury. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of psycho-educational interventions on the life quality of the family caregivers of the patients with spinal cord injury. The present randomized controlled trial was conducted on 72 family caregivers who had the primary responsibility of taking care of the patients with spinal cord injury. The participants were randomly divided into intervention [n=36] and control groups [n=36]. The intervention group was involved in 90-minute educational sessions held once a week for four weeks. Both groups completed SF-36 questionnaire before and 2 and 6 weeks after the intervention. Then, the data were analyzed through independent t-test, Chi-square, and repeated measures ANOVA. All the caregivers had low quality of life and the lowest mean score was related to mental health in both groups. After the intervention, various dimensions of life quality had improved in the intervention group's caregivers compared to the control group [P<0.05]. The study results revealed the positive effect of psycho-educational interventions on the life quality of the caregivers of the patients with spinal cord injury. According to the results, the authorities have to pay special attention to the problems of this group and educational interventions have to be continuously followed.

[Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in fathers of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome]

Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS] have twice the risk for metabolic syndrome as compared to women from the general population. Mothers and sisters of affected women also have an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in fathers of patient with PCOS. 34 fathers of PCOS patients were evaluated. The control group was 34 fathers of normal women. The data were obtained from the clinical history and personal interview with the patients, the controls and their fathers at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2009. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was determined according to Adult Treatment Panel index III [ATPIII] and International Diabetes Federation [IDF] criteria. Also incidence of hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance test, insulin resistance and diabetes type II were considered in both groups. According to ATOIII and IDF criteria, the prevalence of metabolic disorders was 29.35% and 41.17 in the fathers of the PCOS patients and 8.85% and 11.76% in the fathers of the control group respectively [p<0.008 and p<0.007, respectively]. Also incidence of hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance test was significantly higher in fathers of the PCOS patients that control groups [p<0.05]. Our findings indicate that the fathers of women with PCOS have higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome and higher risk of developing hypertension and impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes

[Does a rehabilitation program improve quality of life in breast cancer patients?]

To evaluate the effect of a rehabilitation program on quality of life in breast cancer patients. Fifty-seven patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy, had finished chemotherapy and radiotherapy and received hormone therapy were selected and randomly assighned into case and control groups. Control group was under medical care and the case group in addition to medical care received a rehabilitation program [physiotherapy, education and individual counseling] for two months. Quality of life was measured by the EORTC QLQ C30 before one week and 3 months after rehabilitation in both groups. Before intervention there were statistically significant differences in physical [P< 0.001] and emotional functioning [P= 0.02] in cases compared to control group, while no other significant differences were observed in other scale. One week after the program, differences among two groups in 6 scales were significant indicating a better condition in intervention group. Three months after the intervention the cases showed a statistical meaningful improvments in 11 scales. Rehabilitation programs might improve the quality of life after mastectomy in breast cancer patients

persian version of the cardiff acne disability index. reliability and validity study

The Cardiff Acne Disability Index [CADI] assesses the impact of acne on a patients life. The aim of the present study was to translate the CADI into Persian language and to validate the Persian version. Using standard forward-backward translation, 2 bilinguals translated the CADI into Persian language. We back translated it into English and the final version was provided. We conducted this study from February through December 2004 on 100 patients with acne attending the Department of Dermatology, Jahrom Medical School, Jahrom, Iran who completed the Persian version of the CADI questionnaire. We carried out all statistical analyses using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 11 for Windows. A total of 100 patients [15 men, 85 women] with acne participated in this study. The mean age of the patients was 20.76 +/- 2.94 years. Scores of the CADI ranged from 2-14 [7.57 +/- 2.58]. Reliability analysis showed a satisfactory result [Cronbachs alpha coefficient = 0.79]. Moreover, Pearsons correlation coefficient of 0.72 demonstrated the good internal consistency of the scale. The Persian version of the CADI questionnaire is a reliable, valid, and valuable tool for assessing the impact of acne on a patient's life

Efficacy of topical immunotherapy of extensive and/or chronic alopecia areata with diphencyprone

Highly variable results of topical immunotherapy with diphencyprone [DPC] in the treatment of alopecia areata have been reported so far. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of DPC in the treatment of severe and chronic alopecia areata. Twenty-eight patients [16 female and 12 male, 10-35 years old, mean age 25 years] with chronic and/or extensive alopecia areata were enrolled in an open-label clinical trial. After sensitization with 2% DPC, progressively higher concentrations beginning at 0.001% were applied weekly for 6 months to one side of the scalp. The maximum concentration of DPC was 2%.Twenty-seven of 28 patients completed therapy. The overall response rate was 81.5% [22 cases]. Complete response [90% -100% terminal hair re-growth] was obtained in 22.2% [6 cases] and partial response [10%-90% terminal hair re-growth] in 59.3% [16 cases], and 18.5% [5 cases] showed no regrowth. In all patients an eczematous reaction consisting of erythema, itching, and scaling at the site of application was observed. Other observed side effects included occipital lymphadenopathy in 40.7% [11 cases], severe eczema /blister formation in 40.7% [11 cases], hyperpigmentation in 18.5% [5 cases]. Notably, partial recurrence was observed in 66.7% [18 cases] of these patients after 6 to 12 months of follow up. Topical DPC treatment for alopecia areata is an effective therapy with a relatively high relapse rate